Coleridges The Rime of the Ancient Mariner Essay

Coleridges The Rime of the Ancient Mariner Coleridges poem The Rime of the Ancient Mariner is wrote in a way that the reader is expected to temporarily allow him or herself to believe it to be able to understand it. The poem itself is about a Mariner who is telling his tale of sin and forgiveness by God to a man referred to as the Wedding Guest. The Mariner is supposedly responsible for the death of all of the crew on his ship because of his killing of a creature which was to bring them the wind that they needed to put power into the sails of the ship. The whole point of the poem is to encourage or convince the reader to believe the tale that Coleridge tells. Coleridge wrote the poem as a means to induce the reader with what he†¦show more content†¦Until he began to pray and ask for forgiveness the crews souls couldnt enter Heaven but one he did the curse was broken, his life was saved, and Angels came down from Heaven and took the crews souls with them. He had become a saved man. The whole point of the story becomes clear in the following lines. Farewell, farewell! but this I tell To thee, thou Wedding Guest! He prayeth well, who loveth well Both man and bird and beast. He prayeth best, who loveth best All things both great and small; For the dear God who loveth us, He made and loveth all. The Mariner, whose eye is bright, Whose beard with age is hoar, Is gone: and now the Wedding Guest Turned from the bridegrooms door. He went like one that hath been stunned, And is of sense forlorn: A sadder and a wiser man, He rose the morrow morn. (610-625) In these closing lines Coleridge basically sums up the whole poem. Here he is telling the Wedding Guest all about how to live a good life with God and to respect all things that God creates (which is everything). The Mariner is doing his teaching of what he learned on his voyage in these lines. It tells how the Wedding Guest left after hearing the entire Mariners tale and left a wiser man. What this meant is that he left understanding the Mariners words and learned from the Mariners mistakes. The Mariner had done his job in retelling his tale. Coleridge did a good job ofShow MoreRelatedEssay about Coleridges Rime of the Ancient Mariner1578 Words   |  7 PagesColeridges Rime of the Ancient Mariner In Coleridge’s Rime of the Ancient Mariner the reader finds an enduring tale. Although the poem is nearly 200 years old it remains a popular piece by way of the novel juxtapositions and contradictions that are so eloquently described that the reader is both drawn in by the logic of the descriptions as well as fascinated by the complete unreality depicted in the poem. It is highly unlikely anyone could claim an understanding of the events told by theRead MoreCritical Analysis of Coleridges The Rime of the Ancient Mariner2466 Words   |  10 Pagescomplex web of themes and symbols within the seemingly simple plot line of The Rime of the Ancient Mariner. 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Legal, Safety, And Regulatory - 1035 Words

Thomas Gordon October 5, 2015 Legal, Safety, and Regulatory in the Workplace HCS/341 Legal, Safety, and Regulatory in the Workplace Common sense and compassion in the workplace has been replaced by litigation. I definitely would have to agree with this statement and quote because in many of the workplace organizations in today’s society isn’t concerned with common sense and compassion. Employees are always caring about if the organization is going to sue someone or vice versa. In today’s world managers and supervisors work extremely hard to prevent from being sued by other people by bending over backwards to make people happy. Within this nobody isn’t concerned about common sense or compassion, nobody’s concerned about that, they are more interested in not being sued. Litigation has resulted or created a system where Human resource managers have lack of attention of what actually matters when it comes to employee dissatisfaction and alleviated stress levels. The atmosphere of compassion amongst the organization can enhance employees and the organization, bringing a work culture that is concerned to make efforts to help and not to just pull out the law and sue. When it comes to compassion, pain and suffering by another person isn’t always bearable because of the emotional response that employees afflict within the organization. There are actions that demonstrate lack of real common sense and there is compassion results that demonstrateShow MoreRelatedLegal, Safety and Regulatory Requirements998 Words   |  4 PagesSafety In The Workplace Kristy Roper HCS/341 January 17, 2012 Joseph N. Atkins Safety In The Workplace Data from the Bureau of Labor statistics states that over 4.1 million people were injured on the job in 2006 and 5,488 were killed in 2007 (Gomez-Mejia, Balkin, amp; Cardy, 2010). All levels of government have passed laws to regulate and maintain safety in the workplace. 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It is the duty of human resource department to make sure that these laws are followed .Also in the same regard health care managers should

Reflection Zamboanga Seige Free Essays

Zamboanga Seige and Me As I was scanning my Facebook newsfeed, a post form my sister struck me and in that post she was asking if it is true that the members of the MNLF group were able to enter our city. I can still remember the feeling I felt that dawn, the feeling that I don’t know where to put myself because my mom, dad, siblings, niece, nephew and relatives are staying at Tugbungan – an adjacent barangay to Barangay Mariki using speedboat. Aside from that I am trembling because of the fear inside and out of my system. We will write a custom essay sample on Reflection Zamboanga Seige or any similar topic only for you Order Now That was Just the start of the 20 days and counting sleepless nights I and my family experience. On the succeeding days, it was more horrifying and heart- stopping. As I hear the gunshots and explosions my heart Jumps and stops to beat for a second. l, as a Zamboangena living in this city for 21 years, am not used to hear and experience such things. From that on, my past 20 days was never normal. I am always alert and am living my life now in fear that one day I might wake up losing someone close to my heart or the barangay where I am staying might also be ttacked. My normal routine like doing my thesis, going to school and having quality time with friends and family was cut off. With the attack of the MNLF everything for me was shut down – from the progress of my thesis to the point our business was force to be close due to the shutting down of the Zamboanga Port. Everything for me was a mess but despite the frustration, I extended help by disseminating verified information through Facebook. As a mass communicator, I should make out something despite the crisis we are facing. Since I cannot submit myself to evacuation centers to personally help due to security purpose, what I did was spread helpful information in Facebook and through text messaging. My Facebook feed became a home for information and I set aside the narcissist inside me which I believe that an Atenean should do in times like this. Although I am sad that still some of us are insensitive of what’s happening around especially in the city. There are still a number of Ateneans that post non-sense stuff and their selfie despite the alarming nd heart breaking event we are facing. Now as all of this continues which is I don’t know any more who to believe and who is telling the truth, my life or should I say all of our lives is somehow destroyed especially to the most affected. All I can do now is hope and pray that this crisis will be over and may Allah bless and guide the decisions of our leaders and lastly guard their decisions that it will always be for the greater good. Reflection Zamboanga Seige By Sheena Rose-Andas How to cite Reflection Zamboanga Seige, Papers

Compensation Policy Built Construction Company

Question: Discuss about the Compensation Policy for Built Construction Company. Answer: Introduction In this paper, a brief discussion is to be done on the compensation policy of a famous company named the Strong Built Construction Company. There are issues regarding the compensation policies of the executives of the company. For resolving this issue, a number of factors are required to be considered for the success of the enterprise. As an assistant to the Chief financial officer of the company, a report is to be prepared for addressing these issues. Second part of this report contains analysis of two case studies or research papers. Under both research papers more emphasis is put on audit expectation gap that has been faced by users of financial statements. Analysis of both research papers includes analysis of response rate, sampling method, analysis method and identification of flaws in research papers. Part I Required: a) Typical elements of compensation packages As an assistant to the Chief Financial officer of the Strong Built Construction Company, an approach to the executives compensation is developed. The typical components of the executives compensation packages are identified as follows: Basic pay or salary The executives are paid the basic salary predetermined as per the terms and policies of the company. It is considered to be the largest part of the total package which is to be paid on an annual basis. Other benefits such as perquisites are calculated on the basic pay and accordingly it is considered to be the main part of the executives compensation package. Short term benefits or bonus The executives are also paid other short term benefits in the form of bonuses etc to appreciate their work and dedication and consequently motivating them to work more efficiently for the welfare of the company (Zou et. al., 2015). Long term benefits The executives or employees are also given long term benefits in the form of equity or other organisational value which boosts their morale and their efforts are focused on minimising the employees turnover, which would be very beneficial for the success of the company (Graham et. al., 2012). Other employee benefits - Other employee benefits such as medical reimbursements, insurance policies, employee stock options plans, vacations on paid basis, etc also constitute a major motivational factor for the labours as well as the highly skilled professionals of the Strong Built Construction Company. Perquisites Employees are provided other benefits such as mobile bill reimbursement, mobile set, conveyance facility, accommodation facility, medical facility etc, which is also treated as a part of compensation package. b) Outline the key assumptions of traditional agency theory and their influence on approaches to compensation. The traditional agency is highly influenced by the narcissist acts of the executives. The agency theory represents the relationship between the executives of the Strong Built Construction Company and its other stakeholders. As per this theory, following assumptions are done: The executives and other stakeholders are equally responsible for mitigating the risk factors and minimising their effects on the success of the business. Executives are assumed to be narcissist and they formulate their compensation policies keeping in mind their personal benefits (Kumar Zattoni, 2016). Every person has different calibre and responsibilities. Everyone has a different way of performing his duties. The compensation of the executives and other agents should be decided in an unbiased manner. An approach for setting compensation policy is also influenced by the traditional agency theory. All the executives are assumed to be paid on an equal basis, as their designation and responsibility is same. But it is not accepted by all the executives, as they are liable to perform different tasks and they should be paid according to their performance (O'Reilly, et. al., 2014). Agency theory doesnt promote this fact. Hence, most of the companies do not follow the traditional agency approach for taking decisions about the compensation of the executives and agents. C) Explain the difference between extrinsic and intrinsic motivation and the relationship between the two motivations. The executives and other stakeholders of the company should be motivated to work more efficiently to gain more benefits. They would be motivated in two manners: Extrinsic and Intrinsic motivation. Intrinsic motivation Sometimes the job of the executives itself consists of the motivational factor, which motivates them to achieve the predetermined goals of the business. The employees can be self motivated by setting an approach to maintain the value of the activity done for the success of the Strong Built Construction Company. Development of interest in the work also helps in increasing the motivational level of the employees (Taylor and Westover, 2011). When the employees feel satisfied with their job and rewards, it can prove to be a good intrinsic motivational factor. Extrinsic motivation The consequences of the executives performance help in developing extrinsic motivation for them. Like the payment of the employees or executives compensation at the right time is also a motivational factor for them (Vanthournout et al., 2015). Right amount of money or reward also motivates them to work more for gaining overtime allowance and thereby increases the productivity of the business of the Strong Built Construction Company (Nron, 2015). The challenging factors in the external competitive environment also motivate the employees for earning competitive advantage. There is a relationship between the extrinsic and intrinsic motivation in the manner that both lay a positive impact on the overall personality development of the employees and executives. When an employee is motivated by intrinsic factors, he will also be definitely inspired by the extrinsic motivational factors. These play a crucial role in the success of the enterprise (Zou et. al., 2015). (d) How might an employees attitude to risk influence their desired compensation package? The compensation package of the Strong Built Construction Company is also influenced by the employees response to the risks evolved during conducting the business activities. Normal or abnormal risks arise in the business and the employees are expected to response to them with a problem solving attitude (Bolton et. al., 2015). When the employees attitude to the business risks is negative, they will not be able to develop a sense of responsibility towards the organisation and consequently it will adversely affect their compensation package. The Strong Built Construction Company can also initiate programs in which proper training is given to the employees on the subject, how to deal with the risks and mitigate them (Fowler, 2015). The collaborative efforts of the employees can face any challenge and the company will achieve its targets more easily. The company should reward the employees on their responses to the risks raised in the business in the terms of money, which would in turn help in increasing their morale and dedication for the company (Dye Sridhar, 2016). (e) How might the time period when employee receives a financial benefit influence they desire for the benefit? The employees work for the Strong Built Construction Company very efficiently and in return, they expect their financial benefits. Sometimes the company make delays in the payment of financial benefits, which irritates the employees and their performances in the future (Gopalan et. al., 2014). This may create a hurdle in the growth of the business of the company. So, it is suggested as an assistant that the Strong Built Construction Company should pay the financial benefits to the authorised employees within reasonable time period. (f) What role do fairness considerations have when determining compensation? As per the equality policy, there must be fairness in determining the considerations of the executives and employees of the Strong Built Construction Company. When there will be fairness in the compensations of both, the employees will feel a sense of responsibility and their hard work will pay off in the form of greater profits to the company (Boyd, et. al., 2012). Therefore, the Strong Built Construction Company should place a cap on the compensation of the executives. This fact should be considered while forming the policies and procedures for the compensation packages of all the authorised members of the company (Ghosh, 2016). The equality policy helps in the maintenance of a friendly atmosphere in the organisation, which helps in the success of the business. (g) The benefits that might be expected from using an executive compensation committee The Strong Built Construction Company is facing the compensation issues of the executives. Therefore, constitution of an executive compensation committee would be a better option for resolving these conflicts. A friendly environment is expected with the help of the committee, as every member will have the equal rights to express their opinions on the subject matter. The executives will not be able to impose their narcissist activities on the employees of the company for their personal gains (Rhee, 2016). It is expected from the committee not to provide excessive compensation to the executives. They should be provided financial benefits according to their performances during the year. It is also expected that all the employees and executives will feel independent to perform their jobs (Dittmann, et. al., 2013). The committee is also expected to abide by all the regulatory laws and norms. (h) How to structure an executive compensation committee to achieve reasonable but not excessive compensation, while still retaining executives The executive compensation committee should be structured after considering the following steps: First of all, the regulations of forming the executive compensation committee should be taken into account to avoid any consequences. A list of the potential members for the committee is required to be prepared. Their qualifications and experience should also be counted for this purpose (Kuo and Yu, 2015). The responsibilities and duties need to be elaborated to all the members of the compensation committee. Possible alterations should also be discussed in advance (Kastiel, 2015). The issues which might arise should be discussed properly and an approach to solve them should also be developed. Decisions about the meetings of the committee and their compensation should also be taken. A provision of hiring a compensation consultant at the time of need should also be introduced (Lee, 2014). While taking all such decisions, it should be kept in mind that the executives interest should not be harmed. They may not be provided excessive compensation, but they should be provided adequate consideration as per their performance. Part II (i) a. What is the aim of the research paper/project? This research paper aims on testing the effectiveness of explanations that has been recently made in revised International Standard on Auditing 700. This revision has been based on expectation of users of financial statements and how it is made to understand the audit procedure. Now question arise, whether such changes will overcome limitation of current standard in real scene or not. In current standard, there is hug expectation gap in terms of auditors responsibility. Therefore following are main aim or purpose of this research paper: To identify current expectation gap in the International Standard on Auditing 700 i.e. auditors report To analyse the inclusion and exclusion of added explanation to International Standard on Auditing 700 will result in reduction of expectation gap. b. Draw a table to illustrate the 2 x 3 design (p. 292) showing the six groups and the different information that each group received. Complete unqualified ISA 700 auditors report Auditors Financial Analysts Students unqualified opinion-only version - Financial Analysts - c. What was the purpose of the manipulation checks? In the current case study, manipulation check activity has been conducted. Under this activity, all the participants provided description of fictitious company along with financial information i.e. financial statement of such fictitious company. All other relevant information related to fictitious company has been provided to participants. Then participants are provided with auditors report (complete auditor report without implementing added explanation) i.e. opinion only report. Then complete auditors report was provided to participants (with full implementation of explanations of ISA 700). Then participants were asked to comment on both the report (Gold, 2012). Therefore purpose of manipulation check is to identify or take opinion of participants of manipulation regarding inclusion of explanation to auditors report under ISA 700. (ii) a. Okafo and Otalor (2013) has the aim of making people or analyzing people that auditing is not a certificate job or process that certifies financial information of the company. Lack of knowledge among users of auditor report or public is the reason for increased expectation from auditor. Aim of this study is to analyze people to be more educated in terms of auditors duties and responsibilities of auditors. Agyei, Aye and Owusu-Yeboah (2013) study has the aim of assessing expectation gap in terms of audit in Ghana is the main aim of this study. This study focuses on the difference between two fraud detection by auditor and verification of financial statements by auditor. This different expectation has created huge gap and this study is focused on such expectation gap (Agyei et al., 2013). attempts to measure the audit expectation gap Okafo and Otalor (2013) This study tries to measure audit expectation gap by involving or putting emphasis on education and awareness level of people regarding duties and responsibilities of auditor. Agyei, Aye and Owusu-Yeboah (2013) This study tries to measure auditor expectation gap by analysing and integrating opinion of users of financial statements and auditors together. c. Each study measures audit expectation gap by applying different technique. Following is the technique that each study has used: Okafo and Otalor (2013) - Under this study, researcher has collected data using questionnaire (self administering) using simple random sampling technique. Sample of teachers and students were taken and questionnaire has been provided to sample population (Okafor, 2013). Agyei, Aye and Owusu-Yeboah (2013) Under this study, researcher also collected data with the help of questionnaire and population of sample is of users of financial statements in Ghana. Purposive sampling techniques has been used i.e. representation for each group has been established. Convenient sampling technique has been used to select respondent of the questionnaire. From the above, it can be analysed that Agyei, Aye and Owusu-Yeboah (2013) approach is more rigorous as their sample is users of financial statements and not random teachers or students. d. Response rate Okafo and Otalor (2013) 598 / 891 * 100 = 67.12 % of respondents This is adequate response rate in order to form an opinion (Burke and Hodgins, 2015). Agyei, Aye and Owusu-Yeboah (2013) Auditors = 20 / 50 * 100 = 40 % Stock Broker = 15 / 50 * 100 = 30 % This is not an adequate response rate in order to form an opinion. (Baruch and Holtom, 2008) e. Analysing data and who is more rigorous Okafo and Otalor (2013) Data that has been collected from the response and processed or information is generated using computer or SPSS software. Coefficient, z-statistics and t-ratio has been used to analyze results. This study uses capabilities of hypothesis analysis so as to achieve more accurate results (Son, et al, 2012). Agyei, Aye and Owusu-Yeboah (2013) For analysing the result of i.e. audit expectation gap, Likert scale has been used. Under Likert scale response will be analysed in the basis of single base. Here collected data is analysed with the help of SPSS. Okafo and Otalor (2013) study is more rigorous as compared to Agyei, Aye and Owusu-Yeboah (2013) because in this study they have used computerised software which is way more relevant as compared to Likert scale. Likert scale shows balanced results i.e. at middle of the results. f. Briefly outline two other significant flaws that you have noticed in the studies Okafo and Otalor (2013) This case is limited its scope in terms of education and awareness of users of financial statements but does not cover liabilities of auditors. More thrust of auditors responsibility towards society and business organization shall be put so as to make study more meaningful. Agyei, Aye and Owusu-Yeboah (2013) This study or research is limited to Ghana only which has limited the scope of its use. Another flaw is of sample i.e. only auditors and stock brokers have been selected. Other users of financial statements were kept out of preview of research. Conclusion From the above report, it can be concluded that the Strong Built Construction Company should form an executive compensation committee for creating a fair environment in the organisation where there would be no biasness towards the executives and a reasonable amount of compensation will be paid to both the executives and employees of the company. In terms of part II it can be concluded that both research papers has put effort in analysing audit expectation of different users of financial statements. Under both the research papers, sampling method, respondent population and data analysis plays important role. References Agyei, A, Aye, BK Owusu-Yeboah, E 2013, 'An assessment of audit expectation gap in Ghana', J. Acad. Res. Account., Financ. Manage. Sci, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 112-8. Baruch, Y. Holtom, B.C. 2008, "Survey response rate levels and trends in organizational research", Human Relations, 61, no. 8, pp. 1139-1160. Bolton, P., Mehran, H. Shapiro, J. 2015, "Executive Compensation and Risk Taking", Review of Finance, 19, no. 6, pp. 2139-2181. Boyd, B.K., Franco Santos, M. Shen, W. 2012, "International Developments in Executive Compensation", Corporate Governance: An International Review, 20, no. 6, pp. 511-518. Burke, M. Hodgins, M. 2015, "Is 'Dear colleague' enough? Improving response rates in surveys of healthcare professionals", Nurse researcher, 23, no. 1, pp. 8. Dittmann, I., Maug, E. Spalt, O.G. 2013, "Indexing executive compensation contracts", The Review of Financial Studies, 26, no. 12, pp. 3182-3224. Dye, R.A. Sridhar, S.S. 2016, "Hedging Executive Compensation Risk through Investment Banks", The Accounting Review, 91, no. 4, pp. 1109-1138. Fowler, S. 2015, "Motivation done right: motivation science provides alternatives to outdated approaches to workplace motivation", TD Magazine, 69, no. 12, pp. 76. Ghosh, S. 2016, "Partial privatization, lending relationships and executive compensation", South Asian Journal of Global Business Research, 5, no. 1, pp. 125-153. Gold, A, Gronewold, U Pott, C 2012, 'The ISA 700 auditor's report and the audit expectation gap Do explanations matter?', International Journal of Auditing, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 286-307. Gopalan, R., Milbourn, T., Song, F. Thakor, A.V. 2014, "Duration of Executive Compensation: Duration of Executive Compensation", The Journal of Finance, 69, no. 6, pp. 2777-2817. Graham, J.R., Li, S. Qiu, J. 2012, "Managerial Attributes and Executive Compensation", The Review of Financial Studies, 25, no. 1, pp. 144-186. 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Stereotypes of African Americans in Television free essay sample

Capstone Introduction Stereotypes of African Americans have been around since slavery. Once media got involved it was able to give society a visual as to how other races portrayed them. With television, its becoming more and more vivid of how bad the stereotyping is getting. Now a days some writers of these shows and try to hide the racial remarks, while others are blunt with it and receive no type of punishment for their actions. You do have some sitcoms that will shine a positive light on the African American community, but these shows never last long. The gatekeepers do not want to put a positive image in your head they want you feel a certain way so therefore they come up with shows like Family Guy and South Park that say racial remarks, but Its In a subliminal message. The first television was Invented In 1927, but it took 33 years before an African American actress and actor would be seen on It. We will write a custom essay sample on Stereotypes of African Americans in Television or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The first sitcom was debut In 1950, and It was Bellay. It was based on a white family whose housekeeper was black and overweight. The show was cancelled because the NAACP didnt like the negative message it was sending to America.The first sitcom to be influential for African Americans was the Nat King Cole Show in 1956. This paved the way for show like The Bill Cowboys Show, A Different World, The Fresh Prince of Bell Air, and In Living Color, which are still successful today. Donald Boggles Primetimes Blues, explains the role that African Americans have portrayed all these year in television. Each chapter is broken up into decades and tells the role they have played and how television has mirrored the societys attitude towards African Americans and other blacks.He describes how regardless of the role an African American plays whether they are a lawyer, doctor, cop, drug dealer, or working on wall street you are still an unknown real person. TLS has a physical affect on the African American growing up and they dont realize It. With the help from internet sources and books such as Family Life in Black America, Black Families and The Medium of Television, Racism, Sexism, and the Media, Prime Time Blues I will prove that television has and it still is portraying African Americans in a negative light. Stereotypes of African Americans inTelevision By joneses Shari Jones getting. Now a days some writers of these shows and try to hide the racial remarks, up with shows like Family Guy and South Park that say racial remarks, but its in a subliminal message. The first television was invented in 1927, but it took 33 years before an African American actress and actor would be seen on it. The first sitcom was debut in 1950, and it was Bellay. It was based on a white family whose unknown real person. This has a physical affect on the African American growing up and they dont realize it.

MallarmePoet essays

MallarmePoet essays Stphane Mallarm, a French poet, became one of the most important masters of French symbolism, a nineteenth-century movement in poetry that stressed impressions and moods rather than descriptions of reality (Online). The poetry of Charles Baudelaire, Arthur Rimbaud, Paul Verlaine, and others strongly affected Mallarms writing (Online). He used symbolism to represent human emotions to make his poems unclear, thus avoiding direct communication with his readers (Online Mallarm was born in Paris on March 18, 1842 (Online). After his mother died when he was seven years old, his grandmother became his parental role model. His education included upper-class boarding schools where he often felt out of place because of his middle class background. When he was fifteen, the death of his younger sister, Maria, greatly influenced his poetic development. He turned from Romantic lyricism to much more morbid subjects like Baudelaires Les fleurs du mal. In 1860, he received his baccalaureate degree from a lycee in Sens. After an apprenticeship in the Registrys office, in 1862 he had his first sonnet published in Le papillon, a literary journal. In 1862 Mallarm married Maria Gerhard and became a teacher in Tournon. The difficult duties of teaching often interrupted his poetic work and thoughts. Although his students made fun of him, Mallarm was not discouraged and continued his writing. After translating Edgar Allan Poes English poems into French, Mallarms chief influence became Poe rather than Baudelaire. He began to compose long imaginative poems and a prose poem called Herodiade, the biblical story of Salome who caused John the Baptists murder. Then he wrote his best-known poem LAprs-midi dun faune (Afternoon of a Faun), which explores the difference between reality and fantasy (World...

Case--Buxon Hall Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Case--Buxon Hall - Essay Example Since some decisions were pending, it was decided that they will be immediately addressed once additional reserves were available for them. The success of this project lies in the fact that the issues that emerged during its course were properly handled and it was flexible to get it modified according to the requirements of the project. As Buxon Hall project was successful, there were certain best practices present in the whole project such as continuous feedback about the project progress, altering the project to tackle any discrepancies, collaboration among team members and effective problem solving skills and vision towards attainment of common objectives. With the help of the assessment about developments in the project, the team members were able to identify the discrepancies between actual and targeted goals and they were addressed adequately to ensure that the project was completed on time. For instance, it was decided that some walls will be revamped later when more money will be available and only vital areas will be focused for the present situation. When there were some problems between the university officials and Crawford foremen such as ineffective communication and lack of consensus decision making attributes, they were instantly addressed and necessary changes were made for ensuring that the project objectives were effectively accomplished by the

Law victims and criminal justice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Law victims and criminal justice - Essay Example Although the courts serve as decentralised, semi-autonomous groupings of legal professionals, but that does not mean that victim support groups give up in confronting difficulties in predicting how they will follow a new law (Candace, 1993, p. 2). Victim support is criticised for it wishes to monopolise its' services provided to the nation. It is also said that this department is unable to tackle the problems of all of its victims (Duckett, 2003, p. 248). No doubt victim's expectations from the support departments and trial proceedings is to acquire justice while prosecuting and punishing offenders, but that does not mean that victim's sufferings should not be analysed in material form. Victims support organisations (VSO), groups and legal proceedings instead of claiming complete restitution for victim often seek justice alone. VSO does not consider reconciliation and mediation programs as alternatives to criminal punishment; therefore offenders' financial accounts are left untouched. VSOs does not support victim compensation programs, therefore victims who are ineligible for restitution through no fault of their own could be reimbursed at the same level, with their reimbursements paid from a pool of frees or restitution overages. VSOs go through the following processes while fighting for its' victim's justice. Methodological Issues: VSOs seeks evidence, including that from recorded crime, crime surveys, records of convicted offenders, accounts of emotional responses to crime, etc., on a socially constructed basis. Therefore what VSOs concentrate is the data on crime that reflects the way crime has been assembled and taken place. There is no concern about the improperly collected information that reveals the crime scene. However, the VSO team is criticized for working in the following way: Crime Scene Investigation: The VSO is quite popular in taking decisions whether or not to investigate the location of the criminal offense. In some 'incidents' VSOs are right in predicting that a crime has indeed been committed and it is a 'crime scene'. However, in many situations it is observed that VSOs fail to predict the seriousness of the crime and does not consider that one of the initial and primary tasks of the crime scene investigator is to determine whether or not a crime has been committed. In this context the blame must not be put on to VSOs alone as in many European countries including UK, National training centers only conduct short courses for creating Victim support officers and team. Resources, instead of basing on the complexity and seriousness of the alleged incident are dependant on their officers' decision. Crime scene is not analysed on the basis of its full potential. This is true as in many cases it is seen that the police, the field scientist, the laboratory scientist and the prosecutor instead of joining together to produce a set of facts that make it unreasonable to believe any conclusion other than the one the facts support, are giving individual facts. Therefore, the facts taken individually are not exposed to reasonable doubts, helpful in solving the crime.

Role Of Values Based Education In the Global Society..Possible title Essay

Role Of Values Based Education In the Global Society..Possible title - Essay Example Certainly, enabling one to make a living by one’s knowledge and skills is an important aspect of education; yet, education is something more than that (Stafford, 2003). Definitively, building of character stands to be and should be the top priority of any academic institution. Grand Canyon University is just the kind of institution that not only stimulates its students to develop a rock solid character, but, rather approaches the task of character building in a much holistic way, touching varied facets of human personality. Truly speaking, the four pillars of Grand Canyon University stand to constitute the most fool proof and sufficient program for developing a character and personality that is just the right mix of ethics and pragmatism. The first pillar committed to academic advancement not merely implores the students to gain knowledge, but rather nudges them to evaluate the imbibed knowledge in the laboratory of critical thinking and analytical evaluation. Mere knowledge makes a well informed person, but, approaching knowledge with a critical bent of mind makes a creative and original personality. At Grand Canyon University, the learning styles resorted to are such that they push a student to extend one’s intellect and ingenuity to its limits, thereby shattering all preconceived notions and challenging the inherent biases, prejudices and myths. The outcome of such an approach appears in the form of students who possess an open and inquisitive attitude towards life, resting securely on dependable and time tested spiritual and moral foundations. Grand Canyon University encourages its students to develop a personality that is just the right blend of grass root practicality and an essentially Christian vision. The second pillar that is Christian camaraderie not only intends to facilitate an interactive and friendly mindset towards

What Is Community Policing?

What Is Community Policing? Community policing is probably the most misunderstood and often abused topic in police management during the past years. During the last few years, it has become fashionable for police agencies to create community policing, and very often with little understanding of what that phrase really means. It is true, that any kind of organizational tinkering has been called community policing. But community policing is not a program. Instead, community policing is a value system which permeates a police department, in which the primary organizational goal is working cooperatively with individual citizens, groups of citizens, and both public and private organizations to identify and resolve issues which potentially effect the livability of specific neighborhoods, areas, or the city as a whole. Community-based police departments recognize the fact that the police cannot effectively deal with such issues alone, and must partner with others who share a mutual responsibility for resolving problems. Community policing stresses prevention, early identification, and timely intervention to deal with issues before they become unwieldy problems. Individual officers tend to function as general-purpose practitioners who bring together both government and private resources to achieve results. Officers are encouraged to spend considerable time and effort in developing and maintaining personal relationships with citizens, busine sses, schools, and community organizations. Here are some other common features of community policing: Beyond crime fighting a focus on livability Many police departments and police officers define their role primarily in terms of crime control. The very term law enforcement agency is certainly an indication of this focus. But policing is much more than law enforcement. Many studies have shown that dealing with crime consumes only 10-20% of the police workload. Officers in community-based police departments understand that crook-catching is only one part of their job, and a rather small one by comparison to the myriad of issues and problems they deal with each day. Officers freely accept a significant role in issues that might be derisively referred to as social work in traditional police departments. Officers understand that resolving a problem with unruly people drinking at a public park, working to reduce truancy at a middle school, marshalling resources to improve lighting in a mobile home park, and removing abandoned vehicles from streets, may all be forms of valid and valuable police work, which affect the livability of a neighborhood. Rather than treating these activities as diversions from real police work, officers understand that this is the essence of their work. Citizen Involvement The police department strives to actively involve citizens in its operations, through a variety of means. Volunteers are widely used, whether college interns or retired seniors. Citizen patrols and crime prevention initiatives are welcomed and encouraged. Area commanders meet often with members of the public to solicit input and feedback. Many internal committees include public participation. Policy decisions typically involve opportunities for input from citizens, and the department has both formal and informal mechanisms for this purpose. Promotional boards include citizens. The department seeks to educate the general public about police work in various ways, including publications, web sites, public-access television, town hall meetings, citizen police academies. The department accepts and even encourages citizen review of its performance. Geographic Responsibility The primary division of labor for the police is geographical. Officers identify with their area of assignment, rather than the work shift or functional division. Commanders are assigned to geographical areas and given wide latitude to deploy their personnel and resources within that area. Individual officers adopt even smaller geographical areas and feel a sense of ownership for that area. Officers commonly know many of the people who live and work in this area, and are intimately familiar with the areas geography, businesses, schools, and churches. Officers seek out detailed information about police incidents which have occurred in their area of assignment during their off-duty time. Long-term Assignment Officers can expect to work in the same geographical area for many years. Officers preferences for areas are considered in making assignments. Rotation of geographical assignments is rare. The organization values the expertise and familiarity that comes with long-term assignment to the same area. Decentralized Decision Making Most operational decisions are decentralized to the level of execution. Field officers are given broad discretion to manage their own uncommitted time. Operational policies are concise, and serve as general guidelines for professional practice more than detailed rules and regulations. First line supervisors are heavily involved in decisions that are ordinarily reserved for command ranks in traditional police departments. Participative Management The department employs numerous methods to involve employees at all levels in decision-making. Staff meetings, committees, task forces, quality circles, and similar groups are impaneled often to address issues of internal management. Many workplace initiatives begin with ideas or concepts brought forward from line employees. Obtaining input from frontline employees is viewed as an essential part of any policy decision. The department has comparatively few levels of rank, and rank is seldom relied upon to settle disagreements. Supervisors view their role primarily in providing support to field personnel by teaching, coaching, obtaining resources, solving problems, and running interference. Generalist Officers Field officers dominate the sworn work force. Officers are expected to handle a huge variety of police incidents, and to follow through on such incidents from beginning to end. Specialization is limited to those areas where considerable expertise is an absolute necessity. Even when specialists are used, their role is to work cooperatively with field officers, rather than assume responsibility for cases or incidents from field officers. Most specialists view their jobs as offering technical expertise and support to field personnel. Police Leadership on Community Issues Senior police managers are deeply involved in community affairs. They speak out frequently and freely on issues of community concern, some of which are only tangentially related to law enforcement per se. Police managers are encouraged to pursue important community issues as a personal cause. Elected officials consult with police managers often. Police representation is obligatory on committees or study groups which are set up to examine significant issues on the public agenda, and it is not uncommon for police officers to serve in leadership positions in community organizations. Proactive Policing The police department employs techniques to manage its workload in order to make blocks of time available for police officers to address identified problems. The police response to an emerging problem typically involves significant input and participation from outside the department. The department routinely uses a range of tactics other than responding to individual incidents, such as: targeted saturation patrol, bicycle and foot patrol, undercover/plainclothes/decoy/surveillance operations, educational presentations, coordination of efforts with other government or human service agencies, support to volunteer efforts, initiation of legislative proposals, and so forth. Rather than merely responding to demands for police services, the department employees a Problem-Oriented Policing (POP) approach: identifying emergent problems, gathering data, bringing together stakeholders, and implementing specific strategies targeting the problem. The police response to an on-going or repetitive problem seldom involves only police resources. The police are concerned not only with high-visibility crimes, but with minor offenses which contribute to fear of crime, and negatively effect public perception of city or neighborhood safety. Emphasis on Quality The police define success and accomplishment primarily by the results achieved and the satisfaction of the consumer of services, rather than by strictly internal measures of the amount of work completed. Thus, there may be decreased emphasis on common productivity measures such as clearance rate, numbers of arrests, response time, etc., and increased emphasis on outcomes. Thoroughness and quality are clear emphases, but doing the right thing is as important as doing things right. The department employs methods to assess public satisfaction with services, and both individual officers and managers think about ways to improve based on this feedback. Recognition and Professional Development Officers receive frequent recognition for initiative, innovation, and planning. The department systematically acknowledges problem-oriented policing projects that achieve results. Seasoned field officers are highly valued for their skill and knowledge, and feel little pressure to compete for promotion to supervisory positions in order to advance their career. Commendations and awards go to officers for excellent police work of all kinds, not just crime control. Officers receive the respect and admiration of their colleagues as much for their empathy, compassion, concern for quality, and responsiveness, as for their skill at criminal investigation, interrogation, and zeal in law enforcement. What Community Policing is not Despite the claims of some ill-informed critics, community policing is not soft on crime. Quite the contrary, it can significantly improve the ability of the police to discover criminal conduct, clear offenses, and make arrests. Improved communication with citizens and more intimate knowledge of the geography and social milieu of the beat enhances, rather than reduces, the officers crime-fighting capability. Moreover, though some of these may be used as specific strategies, community policing is not: school resource officers a grant storefront police substations a pilot program in a single area of town foot or bicycle patrols a specialized unit of neighborhood police officers a citizen police academy When an agency claims to have implemented community policing last week, thats a pretty good indication that it has not. Individual programs or projects that form part of this change may be implemented, but community policing is not implemented. You dont start it at the beginning of the fiscal year. It is a process that evolves, develops, takes root and grows, until it is an integral part of the formal and informal value system of both the police and the community as a whole. It is a gradual change from a style of policing which emphasizes crime control and crook catching, to a style of policing which emphasizes citizen interaction and participation in problem solving. You cant tell whether community policing exists in a city on the basis of the press release, the organizational chart, or the annual report. Rather, it can best be discerned by observing the daily work of officers. It exists when officers spend a significant amount of their available time out of their patrol cars; when officers are common sight in businesses, schools, PTA meetings, recreation centers; when most want to work the street by choice; when individual officers are often involved in community affairs-cultural events, school events, meetings of service clubs, etc., often as an expected part of their job duties. It exists when most citizens know a few officers by name; when officers know scores of citizens in their area of assignment, and have an intimate knowledge of their area. You can see it plainly when most officers are relaxed and warmly human-not robotic; when any discussion of a significant community issue involves the police; and when few organizations would not think of tackling a significant issue of community concern without involving the police. The community-based police department is open-it has a well-used process for addressing citizen grievances, relates well with the news media, and cultivates positive relationships with elected officials. The Lincoln Police Department has been implementing community-based policing since 1975. Late that year, Chief George K. Hansen announced to the public our first tentative steps into something we called at that time neighborhood-based team policing. While similar projects in cities including Los Angeles and Cincinnati came and went, we continued. We are perhaps the only police department in the United States that has been involved so long and so thoroughly in a conscious effort to refine and enhance the community-based approach. Twice (in 1977, 1993, and 2001) we have embarked on comprehensive strategic planning initiatives involving scores of employees and dozens of recommendations for enhancing our efforts. We have done exceedingly well at incorporating certain aspects of community-based policing in the fabric of daily life at LPD. Concerning long-term geographical assignment, or the generalist officer approach, for example, we have a long track record of successful practice. In ot hers, such as problem-oriented policing, we have steadily improved. Our problem-oriented policing projects are becoming both more frequent and more sophisticated. In a few areas, however, such as involvement of citizens in our decision-making process, we have much more to do before we achieve excellence. Community policing in Lincoln will continue to evolve. We will build on some of our most powerful strengths: a highly educated and capable work force, a respect for research and evaluation, and a willingness to change. We will learn from our setbacks, and be constantly open to innovation as we adapt to a changing city, society, and world. We do not have a self-image of the thin blue line, protecting the helpless public from the ravages of predatory criminals. Rather, we live, work, recreate, raise our children, and enjoy our city as citizens first, even though we are citizens who have a special professional responsibility for protecting others and ensuring the livability of our city. We are wholeheartedly committed to policing Lincoln in concert with our fellow citizens. http://www.aacounty.org/Police/commBasedPolicing.cfm Community Policing is an organizational wide philosophy and management approach that promotes community, government and police partnerships; proactive problem solving; and community engagement to address the causes of crime, fear of crime and other community quality of life issues. Two of the core components of community policing are: Community Partnerships and Problem Solving. Community Partnerships are joint efforts between law enforcement agencies and their communities to address the significant crime and quality of life issues. Problem Solving is a process for analyzing a problem from several perspectives in order to seek the most thoughtful approach possible, which should also be the solution that is most likely to succeed. Community policing provides the community with a: Voice in how it will be policed Permanent resolution to reoccurring problems Stronger, safer and friendlier place to live Better understanding of police capabilities and limitations Closer working relationships with the police and other governmental agencies It benefits the Department by providing: A way to more efficiently and effectively use department resources A way to be more responsive to the community Better intelligence about criminals Better communications More community support for Department programs http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/files/portal/issueareas/security/security_pdf/2004_Hesta_Peake.pdf Community-Based Policing as a Model for Police Reform Fundamental Principles of Community-Based Policing 1 . Policing by consent, not coercion. 2 . The police as part of the community, not apart from it. 3 . The police and community working together to find out what communities needs are. 4 . The police, public and other agencies working together in partnership. 5 . Tailoring the business of policing to meet community needs. Community-based policing is both a philosophy (a way of thinking) and an organizational strategy (a means to carry out that philosophy) that allows the police and community to work together in new ways to solve problems of crime, disorder and safety. It rests on two core elements: changing the methods and practice of the police and taking steps to establish a relationship between the police and the public. The philosophy is built on the belief that the public deserves an input into policing, and indeed, has a right to it. It also rests on the view that in order to find solutions to community problems, the police and the public must move beyond a narrow focus on individual crimes or incidents, and instead consider innovative ways of addressing community concerns. At the heart of community-based policing is the recognition that the police are much more than mere crime fighters and can be public servants in other ways. The end goal is the creation of a professional, representative, responsive, and accountable institution that works in partnership with the public. These peace officers are a service rather than a force, and an institution that only criminals need rightly fear. Achieving these goals requires taking action at three levels: individual, institutional, and societal. (L. Lindholt, P. De Mesquita Neto, D. Titus, and E. Alemika, Human Rights and the Police in Transitional Countries, (Leiden: Brill Academic Pub, 2003), p. 22.) Even as the values of service and competency are imparted at the level of the individual officer, an appropriate management structure, capable of embedding and sustaining these values, must be created as well. Reform to the police alone, however, is insufficient; community support and assistance are also necessary to achieving the basic goals of the police. Community based policing, therefore, also encompasses strategies to reorient the public who, for frequently good reasons, have been leery and distrustful of the police. Building partnerships between the police and communities is a major challenge that confronts aspirant reformers, but thus far, international reform efforts have given little recognition to this challenge not one of the mandates for UN missions mentions engagement with local communities as a reform priority. The philosophy of community-based policing asks of both the police and the public a leap of faith and a commitment to effect change. It is a complex process that requires contemporaneous action to be taken at multiple levels meaning that detailed strategic planning necessary to translate philosophy into practice within the police organization and among the public. A detailed plan has often proved lacking in internationally inspired police reform plans however. Beyond a rhetorical commitment to police reform there has been little sense of how to operationalize a reform process to achieve the changes sought. Community-Based Policing: More Than Just Law and Order Policing is an activity that is not carried out in isolation. All the disparate aspects of policing that individual officers are called upon from issuing parking tickets to thwarting crimes impact and involve other institutions and processes. The workshop discussed how a community-based police reform program fits in with, and can contribute significantly to advancing, a variety of security, social, and developmental objectives and agendas. Community-based policing and security sector reform External actors pick and choose which parts of security sector reform (SSR) they carry out without necessarily seeing how these elements are linked and interrelated. Although at a policy level, the police are considered an integral element of the security sector, this synergy between the two is rare at the level of implementation. For many donors, SSR remains a primarily military concern, deprioritizing policing. Policing is also sometimes in a different institutional silo, which presents an institutional barrier to actual coordination. Greater synergy between the reform processes towards the various institutions that make up the security sector would be beneficial. Community-based policing, the rule of law, good governance, and human rights To be effective police reform must link other criminal justice institutions. The entry point to the justice system and the part in closest contact with the public, a fair, competent, non-discriminatory, and respectful police is integral to upholding the rule of law. Along with courts and the correctional service, the police are an essential part of the triad of institutions needed to make a justice system run effectively (R. Mani, Beyond Retribution: Seeking Justice in the Shadows of War (London: Polity, 2002), pp.56-68.)Experience suggests that positive impacts to one of this triad of institutions will be nullified without similar concentration on other institutions. Community-based policing, development, and poverty reduction Community-based police reform can contribute to a wider poverty reduction strategy. Several donor agencies and governments have recognized the links between security, development, and poverty reduction. High levels of crime stifle development in any community businesses become the victims of crime, commercial activities (including those of the informal sector) are interrupted, and outside investment leaves. The poor and marginalized also suffer disproportionately from the effects of crime and violence. They lack adequate protection from corrupt or dysfunctional security institutions. The poor are also often marginalized when it comes to political or social structures and are likely to have very little influence over the policies and programs that affect their daily lives. Community-based policing, through its partnership approach, aims to ensure that the safety and security needs of all groups in a particular community are addressed. In this way, the police can facilitate all peoples access to justice, regardless of their social or economic status. Addressing local needs while effectively combating crime improves safety and security, and with it, strengthens the conditions for development to take place. Community-based policing and stemming smallarms proliferation Controlling the availability and circulation of small arms and light weapons (SALW) is vital in the effort to increase community safety, the aim of communitybased policing. However, citizens will only be willing to hand over firearms in their possession if they perceive an improvement in public safety and security and if they have a certain degree of trust in the police and other security agencies. This is where communitybased policing can play an important role in strengthening SALW initiatives. Similarly, if there is a good working relationship between the police and the community, it will be easier for the police to obtain information about arms caches or transit routes for arms trafficking. What is Community-Based Policing? Community-based policing is a partnership between the police and the community in sharing the delivery of police services. Ridge-Meadows detachment is in a process of transition from reactive traditional policing to proactive community based policing. It involves the strategy of problem oriented policing and employs various tactics, depending on the problem being addressed. Some of these tactics are: Community consultation Neighbourhood policing Decentralization Different types of responses to calls for service Shared responsibility for community problems Modern-management concepts A move away from 9-1-1 service calls and a total reactive policing service Proactive service delivery Crime Prevention Programs Community policing is a philosophy of police service delivery. It does not result from specific initiatives, such as bicycle patrols, crime prevention programs, and community storefronts/offices, or school liaison officers. Though these may be important, they do not represent a philosophically different way of doing business. Community policing acknowledges that, in addition to responding to emergency calls and apprehending offenders, police have always been involved with service calls of a more general nature. In fact, aside from paperwork and crime investigation, the bulk of a patrol officers time is spent responding to service calls. Community policing means a philosophical shift toward dealing with these community problems. Community-based policing (CBP) is an approach to policing that brings together the police, civil society and local communities to develop local solutions to safety and security concerns. This paper, published by Saferworld, assesses outcomes of and lessons learned from two CBP pilot programmes in Kenya. CBP improves public trust in the police, cooperation between police, citizens and community and stakeholder capacity for security sector reform (SSR). CBP allows police and community to work together to solve crime, disorder and safety problems. It makes safety and security a shared responsibility, emphasises police-community partnerships and targets policing needs in each community. What is Community Policing? There are many definitions of community policing but it is proposed here that the Queensland Police Service recognise it as an interactive process between the police and the community to mutually identify and solve policing problems in the community. The concept of community policing is based on the unit of communityà ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ®persons in social interaction in a geographical area but which may also include persons in interaction based on ethnic, business, religious or other grounds.

Truth Is It Good Or Evil Essay -- essays research papers

Have you ever met someone who cares so much about the way they look or how people perceive them that they can't even focus on reality? This sums up the way the grandma in a 'Good Man Is Hard To Find'; is in a nutshell. Superficial would also be a good word to describe the way in which Grandma lived her life. Her whole existence on earth was unrealistic and to a certain extent surreal. Grandma led a life of not knowing the meaning of happiness. A perfect existence for grandma would be for everyone who knew her to think of her as a perfect lady who had no imperfections and always looked and acted like the lady she dreamed to be. For example, when grandma and the family took a road trip to Florida grandma dressed in her nicest clothes because she feared that if they got in an accident people would find her and they would not think she was a real 'lady';. To most people the thought of pre- planning an outfit in fear of an accident sounds rather peculiar and silly but that was just a norm al thought of grandmas. We do not meet the misfit until the end of the story, but it is he who hold the key to grandmothers utter emotions. I believe the Misfit was grandmother's destiny. Flannery O'Conner creates a story that forces us to question, 'What is truth?'; Through the grandmother who lives a life of clichà ©s – we are taken on a journey of discovery. By the end of the journey we discover to be 'good'; we must be able to accept and forgive even those who deliver great loss to u...

Chemistry IA

Research question: Does the concentration (mol DMS) of sulfur dioxide in wine rise or fall when exposed to alarm for different time periods (O, 75,150,225, 300 minutes)? Purpose: Many adults enjoy the consumption of wine but are not aware of the different preservatives and chemicals that are added to the drink. Sulfur Dioxide, which is added to many food products including wine because it acts as a redundant, is Well known as a poisonous and allergenic substance (Echo-consult, n. D), making it a somewhat harmful ingredient.The purpose of this experiment Is to determine how the amount of sulfur dioxide In white wine Is affected by the exposure to the alarm over different time periods and whether this will negatively or positively affect the human body. The boiling point of sulfur dioxide is -ICC, therefore when it is above this temperature it is expected to evaporate. According to Rutledge Estates, an Australian wine companyÃ'Ÿtriangle Estates, 2011), the concentration of sulfur diox ide In wine reduces when subjected to aeration, this loss of sulfur dioxide increases over time.This reduction in sulfur dioxide can be beneficial for people with allergies but can be harmful for the wine as oxidation causes a loss of the fruity flavor, browning, and the development of allowedly or nutty flavors (Threadlike, 2013). Hypothesis: As the wine Is left out for longer the sulfur dioxide content falls. Variables: Variable Dependent The amount of Sulfur doodle Independent Amount of time Controlled The equipment used The rinsing techniques The measurements of each Sodium hydroxide (ml) White wine (ml) Sulfuric acid (1 Mol) Starch indicator (2 ml) Set Up: mall flask Stopwatch PipetteThese results did not conform to the hypothesis; this difference could be a result of the percentage error in the equipment, and the systematic error. The results for each trial only varied slightly therefore the narrow time limit could have affected the results, there may have been larger differen ce of SIS if the experiment was conducted over a larger period of time. If this was the problem then it can be seen that over short periods of time the concentration of SIS does not change very much.This means that wine will take longer to oxides and will have antibacterial properties for a longer time, making it retain its flavor and quality for a longer time. Percentage errors in instruments: Percentage error for Pipette- Percentage error com of pipettes wine) X 100 x 100 ?0. 2% Percentage error for Burette titration 1- Percentage error =(Uncertainty com of average titration) X 100 =(0. 049. 60) XIII Table of percentage errors in instruments Instrument Titration Uncertainty Percentage error (%) Ð’Â ±o. Ml 0. % Ð’Â ±o. Ml 0. 4% 5 Evaluation: Weakness Reason Improvement The timing of each interval. The laboratory was lock at certain times, this was not accounted for in the planning stage and made the timing very inaccurate. Plan the experiment at the beginning of the day acc ounting for all breaks and laboratory trading hours. The number of trials There was not enough time to do enough trials to get three concordant results for each test Repeat experiment until there are at least three concordant results Seeing the end pointIt was hard to tell what color the endpoint should be as the previous titration would change color after a period of time Have a color chart that is permanent which the color of the titer can be compared to Contamination of wine The beakers holding the wine were exposed to the air and there may have been gases in the air which contaminated the wine. Place the wine in a place which is not exposed to things which could contaminate it. Rinsing technique The equipment was rinsed multiple times but foreign chemicals could still have been present Repeat all of the rising steps twice to ensure they are not contaminatedMeasuring inaccuracies Seeing how much iodine was still in the burette was difficult because the lines were very close toget her. Spend more time with maximum concentration on viewing the measurements on the burette. Bibliography: Threadlike, M 2013 Wine Aeration and Its Adverse Effects, Iowa State University, accessed 25 November 2013, . Shannon, C 2011 Is aerating wine Just hot air? , Rutledge Estates, accessed November 2013, . The use of Sulfur Dioxide in Must and Wine n. D. , Echo-consult, Pdf, accessed Xavier, L n. D. Titration, CICADAS, accessed 25 November 2013, .

John Steinbeck’s “The Chrysanthemums” Essays

John Steinbeck’s â€Å"The Chrysanthemums† Essays John Steinbeck’s â€Å"The Chrysanthemums† Paper John Steinbeck’s â€Å"The Chrysanthemums† Paper Essay Topic: Anthem The Chrysanthemums Name: Course: Lecturer: Date: John Steinbeck’s â€Å"The Chrysanthemums† Themes Gender inequality â€Å"The Chrysanthemums† has many underlying themes one of them being the theme of gender inequality. The story is a critique of a society that has demeaned its women. The society is filled with male chauvinists who give their women little regard. This is seen in the way the society fails to appreciate the qualities of Elisa, as she is smart, energetic, attractive, and ambitious. On the contrary, we find two key men who do not exhibit such qualities like Elisa being more successful in the society than she is. The gender inequality is depicted in the way we see Henry managing the ranch, eking out a living for the family yet he is not as intelligent as Elisa is. Elisa is relegated to the role of being a subordinate member. Henry refuses to treat her as equals. He informs her on the on goings of the ranch and does not involve her in any decision making. The story even portrays Tinker as more intelligent than Henry yet it is clear that he does not match up to Elisa’s spirit and passion. Elisa even goes ahead to confess that he cannot match up to her thinking. However, Tinker gets the opportunity to explore and travel the countryside instead of Elisa. He travels across the country in the belief that adventure is unfit for women. Importance of sexual fulfillment Another theme that is highlighted in the story is that of the importance of sexual fulfillment. The story highlights that need for sexual fulfillment is very influential and its pursuit can lead to men performing unnatural acts. Elisa and Henry are a married couple. However, instead of treating each other passionately, they end up treating each other as siblings or mere friends. Their relationship lacks any romance or passion. The lack of passion in her relationship renders her depiction as a robust nature coupled with fertility and sexuality useless. This however, does not interfere with her character as a sexual, normal and enviable person. The lack of passion from her marriage leads into having an obsession to Tinker. This obsession is very powerful and uncontrollable. It can be seen in her conversations with tinker while looking at the stars. Her conversation is illicit and very strong; it could be described as nearly pornographic. Her acts are also very suggestive as she takes a posture that depicts sexual submission. The narrator describes it as that of a fawning frog. In the end, her unfulfilled desires lead her into more traumatized state than the pleasure itself. The major characters in the story are Elisa Allen, her husband, and the Tinker. The writer manages to develop them into three-dimensional by giving them humanistic attributes and placing them in realistic situations. Elisa Allen is a major character in the story. She is a major character in the novel because through her we get to see how women are oppressed in the society. It is also through her that the characters of other major characters in the story are established like that of her husband and Tinker. She is depicted as having the humanistic characters of being interesting, intelligent, and passionate. She is a woman who lives a very unsatisfied and unappreciated life. Despite her intelligence, she does not have a career to pursue or a business to run. The writer manages to depict Elisa as a three dimensional character by giving her contrasting personalities. This makes it impossible for the reader to put her in a box or stereotype her. She is depicted as both having a strong and rough exterior and at the same time retaining a sense of compelling beauty (Steinbeck, line 6, 348). This is seen in the way that she gently tenders to her flower garden and at the same time depicted as a strong manipulative woman who uses her wit to get her way. Her efforts are thwarted and are constantly ignored as if she is not worth any sense. She is totally left in the sidelines in the running of the ranch. She is not consulted nor is she included in any decision making in the running of the ranch. All her efforts to try to participate in the running of the farm are frustrated by the condescending remarks by her husband. Her own motherly attributes are also left to waste, as she does not have any children of her own to foster. She is denied the chance of traveling and getting to experience the countryside. She therefore dedicates her efforts into tending the garden and her home. Her dedication and pride in her garden is highly exaggerated. It shows what all her worth has been reduced to. The other major character in the story â€Å"the chrysanthemum† is Henry Allen. Is the husband to Elisa Allen. The writer manages to depict Henry as a three dimensional character by displaying character traits that are conflicting. We see him appreciating his wife’s gardening skills and at the same time we see him giving her condescending remarks and demeaning her. He treats his wife kindly and even makes the effort of taking her out occasionally in the evenings yet we get to see that he does not have sexual relations with the wife leaving her feeling neglected. He is depicted as being a very moderate man but who is unable to fulfill the needs of his own wife. He does make the effort of providing for his family by managing the farm and taking his wife out on several occasions. This could be considered very commendable for any caring husband. He tries his best to treat his wife with the utmost respect. He even goes to the lengths of speaking well of his wife, he constant ly complements her and gives her praises. By any standards, he could be considered as the perfect husband by many women. On the contrary, his wife does not appreciate this but feels very inadequate and unfulfilled (Crane, 35-41). He fails to realize the potential of the wife to run the ranch and other more meaningful duties. He instead leaves her to tend to her little garden and other household chores. Henry is used by the narrator to represent the patriarchal man who is chauvinistic in nature and has low expectation on women. He does not see women as equals and ends up running everything on his own. This is because he does not have enough faith in her potential. He refutes her efforts at trying to contribute in the ranch with condescending remarks. He is of the traditional nature that believes that women are soft and men are rough. He is a sure depiction of the typical societal male who believes that men and women cannot be equals. The Tinker is another major character in the story. He is depicted as both exciting and smart. He is ignorant in that he did not go through the education curriculum. This is seen in how misspells the advertisement for kitchen implements and repairs. He is person who loves to flirt with Elisa even though he knows that she is married to Henry. He is also a chauvinist who has low opinion about women. This is seen on his view that traveling adventure is meant for men. Women are not meant for such but are to be left at home tending to the house chores. He is very clever and witty. This is because he able to use his canny nature to successfully convince the Elisa who is very skeptical to offer him employment. He uses his cunningness by first begging Elisa for employment. After he has secured employment, he ends up flattering her. He is able to manipulate the manipulator. This is because he managers to manipulate Elisa who was known to manipulate her husband. It could be argued that the Tinker does not posses these qualities and they are just an imagination of Elisa. This is because Elisa is so desperate to find someone who understands her and is a worthy partner. The story goes ahead to show the Tinker throwing away the chrysanthemum shoots. These are a symbolism to Elisa herself. This shows that the Tinker does not share the same passions and interests with Elisa. Historical Era (Time Period) The story is based in the period of the nineteenth century. The historical context of the â€Å"The Chrysanthemums† was the era around the year 1934. During this time, America had suffered a great economic slump and was just recovering from it. The great depression resulted in the crumbling of the New York stock market in the year 1929. The effect of the economic slump rippled throughout the entire world. Many people lost their jobs and ended up starting their own businesses (Davidson, 41-50). The story depicts this time because we see that neither Henry nor the wife is employed. They own a ranch in which they eek out their living from. From the clothing that the wife is adorning, we get to see that they are not very wealthy which was common with many a folk at that time. The story is successful in depicting this period. The story highlights the struggle and limitations that were imposed on the nineteenth century woman. The society then was very patriarchal and the men were ch auvinists. The author is able depict the characters and symbolism to create images and lifestyles of the way life was in the nineteenth century. The women are depicted as second-class citizens who do not have the ability to make any solid decisions. Thus, decisions on issues that pertain to them are made by the men. Flannery O’Connor: â€Å"Good Man Is Hard to Find Study Guide† Themes Salvation and redemption can only be made through faith The story â€Å"A Good Man is hard to Find† is a grotesque writing that has a couple of major underlying themes. One of the major themes is that salvation and redemption can only be made through faith. The author highlights no matter the gravity of ones iniquities, one can obtain redemption and the remission of ones sins by accepting Jesus Christ and having faith in him. This is seen in the way the old woman reaches out for the misfit and takes him as one of her very own young children. Because of this leap of faith, she obtains salvation and the remission of her sins. All her wayward past is completed remitted against her. This included her selfishness, racist mentality and falsehood. Her act illustrated her contrite acceptance of Jesus as savior and hence her consequent sainthood. Due to this act, she becomes what the story describes as the â€Å"good man† who is hard to find†. The misfit on the other hand refuses to accept Christ for the remission of his sins a nd continues to reject Christ (Asals, line 24, 54). Breakdown of moral values Another dominant theme is that of breakdown of values. The characters in the story behave in such a manner that suggests that the there is total moral decadence in the society that they are living in. the children are morally decadent yet the parents do not seem in any way appalled by their wayward behavior. We get to see the two siblings Wesley and June acting as hellions and having a very sassy attitude. Although it is common to see mischievous kids, what strikes the most is the way the parents act indifferent to their children’s immoral behaviors. This goes to show that this kind of behavior is an acceptable norm in this society. The society is also concerned with the wrongs of other people but is blind to its own. We find Bailey’s mother complaining of the way people have changed but is not concerned to notice her own shortcomings. She is nagging, constantly gives false information, and primps. The writer manages to depict grandmother as a three dimensional character by giving her contrasting personalities. This makes it impossible for the reader to put her in a box or stereotype her. The grandmother in the story, â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard to Find† is depicted as self righteous egotistical person. She deems herself as morally upright. She considers herself to be above the rest on the mere basis that she is a woman. She uses this condescending attitude to pass judgment on others. She believes that her conscience to be the source of guidance to her life. She tells Bailey that her conscience would not allow her to take her children in the same path that the misfit was taking. This shows that her conscience was pure and always obeyed it for decision-making. The irony of it all is the same conscious was not pointing to her personal flaws. She constantly reprimands the mother for not rearing the kids in a place where they could broaden their thinking. The three dimensional nature of her character is depicted at the end when she is seen as humble, remorseful and apologetic. (Orvell, 117-124). One of the major characters in the story is Bailey. He is the son to the main character to the story. He is also father to June and Star. He is depicted as an indifferent father. This is because he is not perturbed by the wayward behavior of his children. He fails to discipline his own children even in the sight of their moral decadence. He is also very reserved as we get to see him being pushed and bossed around by his mother without his complaining. He is easily convinced to go out and visit an old house. He is also very unresponsive to the wife. He reluctantly accepts his wife to take advantage of him. His apparel is symbolic of his character. He adorns a yellow that has two parrots printed on them. This is probably a symbol to his cowardly nature (Johansen, 25-27). Historical Era (Time Period) Flannery O’Connor’s â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard to Find† was written in the year 1953 and published in the year 1955. This time represented height of racism, segregation and the civil rights movement. During this time, Reverend Martin Luther King, Jr. and other activists were conducting rallies and demonstration against the state of racism against the African Americans in the United States of America. This was fueled by the death of some activists in the riots and the inspiring speeches of Reverend Martin Luther King, Jr. The story depicts this period in time because we see the underlying theme in the story is one of racism. We get to see the grandmother making racist remarks towards the misfit. The term misfit itself could be termed as a racist remark against this person (Davidson, 110-117). An alternative ending to Flannery O’Connor’s â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard to Find† The story â€Å"A Good Man is hard to Find† has a very tragic ending. In the end, the grandmother recognizes the driver to be the misfit who proceeds to shoot her three times. Since the story is about religion, a more suitable ending would be that the misfit spares the life of the old woman. The misfit ought to have had remorse on the old lady because at the moment, she seemed to have changed ways. This ending would be suitable because it would reflect he message of forgiveness that the Reverend Martin Luther King, Jr. was preaching about. The African Americans were known to be his staunch followers hence the misfit’s show of remorse would identify with the typical African Americans at the time. Asals, Frederick. Flannery O’Connor: The Imagination of Extremity. Atlanta, GA: University of Georgia Press, 2007. Print. Crane, Milton. 50 great short stories. New York, NY: Bantam Books, 1983. Print. Davidson. American history. Canada: Glencoe / Macmillan, 2001. Print. Johansen, Ruthann K. â€Å"O’Connor’s Episodic Tales of Sin.† Bloom’s Major Short Story Writers: Flannery O’Connor. Broomall, PA: Chelsea House Publishers, 1999. Print. Orvell, Miles. â€Å"A Critical Study of ‘A Good Man is Hard to Find’.† Readings on Flannery O’Connor. San Diego: Greenhaven Press Inc., 2001. Print. Roberts, Edgar V. Writing About Literature. Brief 11th ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson, 2006. Print. Steinbeck, John. â€Å"The Chrysanthemums.† A Prentice Hall Pocket Reader: Literature Ed. Mary McAleer Balkun. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Person, 2005. Print.